This is especially true if you had your whole thyroid gland removed. Generally, you will be started on thyroid hormone the day after surgery, even if there are plans for treatment with radioactive iodine. El folleto de Cirugia De La Tiroides. For information on thyroid patient support organizations, please visit the Patient Support Links section on the ATA website at www.
Thyroid Surgery. You have a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. You have a nodule or goiter that is causing local symptoms — compression of the trachea, difficulty swallowing or a visible or unsightly mass. Removal of part of the thyroid can be classified as: An open thyroid biopsy — a rarely used operation where a nodule is excised directly; A hemi-thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy — where one lobe one half of the thyroid is removed; An isthmusectomy — removal of just the bridge of thyroid tissue between the two lobes; used specifically for small tumors that are located in the isthmus.
Finally, a total or near-total thyroidectomy is removal of all or most of the thyroid tissue. Figure 1 The recommendation as to the extent of thyroid surgery will be determined by the reason for the surgery.
Thyroid Surgery FAQs. Are there other forms of treatment? How should I be evaluated prior to the operation? How do I select a surgeon? What are the risks of the operation? How much of my thyroid gland needs to be removed?
Will I need to take a thyroid pill after my operation? Follicular thyroid cancer rarely spreads to the lymph nodes, though it can spread through the bloodstream more readily than papillary cancer. To perform a total thyroidectomy, the surgeon makes an incision in the front of the neck along a skin crease, if possible, to avoid creating a visible scar.
The entire thyroid is then removed. If the gland cannot be removed—for example, if removing it could damage the nerve that provides movement to the larynx—the procedure is called a near-total thyroidectomy.
Surgery is performed using either local or general anesthesia. People who have a lobectomy can often go home the day of surgery, but those who have a total thyroidectomy usually need to stay in the hospital overnight. You may experience minor discomfort for a few days, which can be managed with pain medication. A thyroidectomy stops or decreases production of thyroxine.
Your doctor replaces thyroxine with a synthetic hormone called levothyroxine, taken by mouth daily. This medication helps keep your metabolism functioning properly and prevents hypothyroidism. If you have thyroid cancer, doctors may prescribe levothyroxine to keep thyroid-stimulating hormone levels on the low side or even fully suppressed to minimize the growth of any remaining thyroid cancer cells. Some people produce enough thyroxine after a lobectomy and do not need levothyroxine.
An NYU Langone endocrinologist assesses your hormone levels after lobectomy to determine whether you need medication. We can help you find a cancer doctor. Call or browse our specialists. More thyroid tissue is removed than in a lobectomy.
After surgery, radioactive iodine is used to eliminate any thyroid cells that might be hidden in the body or could not be removed during the operation. A single radioactive iodine pill is taken four to six weeks after the thyroid operation.
The remaining thyroid cells will absorb the radioactive iodine and be eliminated. Thyroid cells are the only cells able to absorb iodine, so the iodine pill will not harm any other cells in the body.
Radioactive iodine causes no hair loss and no nausea. Skip to content. Back to Head and Neck Cancer Program. Expert Team. Conditions Treated. Image Guided Visceral Biopsy.
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Services For Patients. Contact Us. Benign nodules include several types: Multinodular goiter, is also called a nontoxic goiter. Thyroid Cancer Every year 20, new cases of thyroid cancer are diagnosed in the United States. Symptoms Most thyroid nodules cause no symptoms, but sometimes the person or a family member might see or feel a lump in the front of the neck.
Causes and Risk Factors The exact reason nodules grow in the thyroid gland is not known. But these factors increase the risk: Heredity. If a parent or sibling had a thyroid nodule, the chance of developing a nodule is increased.
The risk of developing a nodules increases as you age. Woman develop nodule more often than men. Nodules are more likely to form in people who have chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. Radiation exposure to the head or neck. In the s and s, many babies, children, and teenagers were treated with radiation for acne and enlarged tonsils.
The thyroid is a small gland shaped like a butterfly. The thyroid produces hormones that the blood carries to every tissue in the body. It helps regulate metabolism — the process by which the body turns food into energy.
It also plays a role in keeping the organs functioning properly and helping the body conserve heat. Sometimes, the thyroid produces too much hormone. It may also develop structural problems, such as swelling and the growth of cysts or nodules. Thyroid surgery may be necessary when these problems occur. Thyroid surgery involves removing all or a portion of the thyroid gland.
A doctor will perform this surgery in a hospital while the patient is under general anesthesia. The most common reason for thyroid surgery is the presence of nodules or tumors on the thyroid gland. Most nodules are benign, but some can be cancerous or precancerous. Even benign nodules can cause problems if they grow large enough to obstruct the throat, or if they stimulate the thyroid to overproduce hormones a condition called hyperthyroidism. Surgery can correct hyperthyroidism. These antibodies inflame the thyroid, causing hormone overproduction.
Another reason for thyroid surgery is the swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland. This is referred to as a goiter. Like large nodules, goiters can block the throat and interfere with eating, speaking, and breathing.
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